N\u0130\u00c7\u0130N S\u00d6ZLE\u015eME YAPILIR?
\n\u2022 Hukuki i\u015flem yaparken (al\u0131m, sat\u0131m, kira vb.) haklar\u0131 tespit amac\u0131yla (Hukuk G\u00fcvenli\u011fi)
\n\u2022 S\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin anayasas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022 S\u00f6zle\u015fme yaparak kurallar\u0131 siz koymazsan\u0131z ba\u015fkalar\u0131 koyar.
\n\u2022 Yasal zorunluluk (Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na ili\u015fkin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler (TBK m.237 vd.); taksitle sat\u0131\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (TBK m.253 vd.); yay\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi
\n(TBK m.488); 6502 s. TKHK\u2019da ge\u00e7en, t\u00fcketicilerle imzalanan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler\u2026 gibi.
\n\u2022 23.8450 TL\u2019yi ge\u00e7en hak iddialar\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgeyle ispat gerekir. Yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgeye kar\u015f\u0131
\n(kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n muvafakati olmaks\u0131z\u0131n) tan\u0131k dinlenmez. (HMK.200) (Her y\u0131l yeniden de\u011ferleme oran\u0131nda artar)
\n\u2022 \u0130\u015flerin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi, denetlenmesi ve raporlanmas\u0131nda s\u00f6zle\u015fme esas al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eME NED\u0130R?
\n\u0130ki taraf\u0131n hukuksal sonuca y\u00f6nelik kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve birbirlerine uygun
\nirade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131yla meydana gelen hukuksal i\u015flemdir.
\n1. \u0130ki taraf (Parties)
\n2. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 birbirine uygun irade (\u00d6neri ve Kabul\/Offer and Acceptance)
\n3. Hukuksal sonuca y\u00f6nelme (Purpose)
\nTBK – MADDE 1- S\u00f6zle\u015fme, taraflar\u0131n iradelerini kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ve birbirine uygun
\nolarak a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131yla kurulur.
\n\u0130rade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k veya \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc olabilir.<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEN\u0130N KURULU\u015eU (BK.1)
\n\u00d6neri:
\nBir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin esasl\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131
\ni\u00e7eren ve ba\u011flanma iradesi ta\u015f\u0131yan
\na\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131r. Esasl\u0131 unsur s\u00f6zle\u015fme
\n\u00e7e\u015fidine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.
\n(Esasl\u0131 unsur s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin tipini belirleyen olmazsa olmaz
\nnoktalard\u0131r. Sat\u0131\u015fa konu mal- bedel, kiralan mal-kira bedeli\u2026.)
\n\u00d6neren \u00f6nerisiyle ba\u011fl\u0131 kalaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcreyi tayin etmi\u015fse bu s\u00fcre sonuna kadar,
\ntayin etmemi\u015fse makul s\u00fcre beklemelidir.
\nKabul:
\n\u00d6neriyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyen ve onunla uyum
\ni\u00e7inde bulunan irade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nA\u00e7\u0131k: Yorum, tahmin, varsay\u0131m gerektirmeyecek netlikte.
\n\u00d6rt\u00fcl\u00fc: Kanun, i\u015f, durum a\u00e7\u0131k kabul \u00f6ng\u00f6rmemi\u015fse, s\u00f6zle
\ndavran\u0131\u015fla, z\u0131mni olarak.
\nEsasl\u0131 olmayan unsurlarda anla\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin
\nkurulmas\u0131n\u0131 etkilemez.
\nTBK-MADDE 2- Taraflar s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin esasl\u0131 noktalar\u0131nda uyu\u015fmu\u015flarsa, ikinci derecedeki noktalar \u00fczerinde durulmam\u0131\u015f
\nolsa bile, s\u00f6zle\u015fme kurulmu\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.
\n\u0130kinci derecedeki noktalarda uyu\u015fulamazsa h\u00e2kim, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fin \u00f6zelli\u011fine bakarak karara ba\u011flar.<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEDE \u015eEK\u0130L (TBK-12, 17)
\nS\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi, hi\u00e7bir \u015fekle ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir. (kanunda aksi
\n\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedik\u00e7e)
\n\u2022 Kanunda s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekil, kural olarak ge\u00e7erlilik \u015feklidir.
\n\u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekle uyulmaks\u0131z\u0131n kurulan s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler h\u00fck\u00fcm
\ndo\u011furmaz.
\n\u2022 MADDE 17- Kanunda \u015fekle ba\u011flanmam\u0131\u015f bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflarca belirli bir
\n\u015fekilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, belirlenen \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmayan s\u00f6zle\u015fme
\ntaraflar\u0131 ba\u011flamaz.
\n\u2022 Herhangi bir belirleme olmaks\u0131z\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekil kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, yasal yaz\u0131l\u0131
\n\u015fekle ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcmler uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMENIN B\u00d6L\u00dcMLERI
\nS\u00f6zle\u015fme serbestisi ve her s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc olmas\u0131 nedeniyle
\ns\u00f6zle\u015fmede taraf ve taraf imzalar\u0131 hari\u00e7 zorunlu olarak bulunmas\u0131
\ngereken b\u00f6l\u00fcmler yoktur. Ancak k\u0131lavuz olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan adi yaz\u0131l\u0131
\nbir s\u00f6zle\u015fmede bizce en az bulunmas\u0131 gereken b\u00f6l\u00fcmler \u015funlard\u0131r.
\n1. Ba\u015fl\u0131k ve Tarih
\n2. Taraflar ve \u0130leti\u015fim Bilgileri
\n3. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin Amac\u0131 (konusu)
\n4. Tan\u0131mlar
\n5. Taraflar\u0131n Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, (Teslim \u015fekli, zaman\u0131)
\n6. Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin ifa tarz\u0131 (\u00f6deme \u015fekli, vadesi)
\n7. M\u00fccbir Sebep
\n8. Fikri Haklar
\n9. Cezai \u015eart
\n10. S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin sona ermesi halleri
\n11. Hukuki \u00e7eki\u015fmezlik hallerinde uygulanacak y\u00f6ntem (tahkim vb)
\n(Resmi yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler de farkl\u0131 zorunlu unsurlar bulunur)<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEDE TEMSIL
\n(BK. 40-48)
\n\u2022 Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden do\u011fmak \u00fczere, o
\nki\u015finin verdi\u011fi yetkiye dayan\u0131larak onun ad ve
\nhesab\u0131na hukuki i\u015flemler yapmakt\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin
\nkurulmas\u0131, de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, feshi temsilci arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla
\nyap\u0131labilir.
\n\u2022 KANUN\u0130 TEMS\u0130L (Vasi, Veli)
\n\u2022 \u0130RAD\u0130 TEMS\u0130L (Vekalet, Yetki Belgesi)
\nS\u00f6zle\u015fmedeki temsil t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re belge aranmal\u0131!<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEN\u0130N KONUSU
\nK\u0131saca S\u00f6zle\u015fme i\u00e7eri\u011finden k\u0131saca bahsetmeli, genel hatlar\u0131yla bilgi vermeli ve
\ni\u00e7erikle uyumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7eri\u011finde y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck getiren maddelere yer
\nverilmemesi tercih edilmelidir.
\n47
\nKONU
\n\u2022 S\u00f6zle\u015fme ve eki ihale evrak\u0131 ile \u015fartnamelere uygun olarak finansman\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, projelendirilmesi ve yap\u0131lmas\u0131;
\n\u2022 Otoyol\u2019un S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019ye uygun olarak i\u015fletilmesi, bak\u0131m\u0131, periyodik bak\u0131m\u0131, onar\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u0130\u015fletme S\u00fcresi \u2018nin
\nsonunda her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bor\u00e7tan ari, bak\u0131ml\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve kullan\u0131labilir durumda bedelsiz olarak \u0130dare\u2019ye devri; S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019nin
\nkonusunu te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n
S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEDE
\n\u0130FA YER\u0130 (TBK.89)
\n\u2022 \u0130fa yeri anla\u015fmayla belirlenebilir. (Belirlenmemi\u015fse
\nsat\u0131m s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde ta\u015f\u0131ma gideri al\u0131c\u0131ya aittir. (BK.211)
\n\u2022 \u0130fa yeri konusunda anla\u015fma yoksa;
\n\u2022 Para bor\u00e7lar\u0131nda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6deme
\nzaman\u0131ndaki yerle\u015fim yeri.
\n\u2022 Verme bor\u00e7lar\u0131nda bor\u00e7 konusunun
\nbulundu\u011fu yer.
\n\u2022 Di\u011ferlerinde bor\u00e7lunun yerle\u015fim yeri.
\n\u2022 Masraflar\u0131n kime ait olaca\u011f\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa
\n\u00f6l\u00e7me, tartma sat\u0131c\u0131ya, senet d\u00fczenleme teslim
\nalma al\u0131c\u0131ya aittir. (TBK.211)
\nS\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEDE S\u00dcRELER (BK.92)
\n\u2022 \u0130fa zaman\u0131;
\n\u2022 G\u00fcn olarak belirtilmi\u015fse s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcn SAYILMAKSIZIN bu
\ns\u00fcrenin son g\u00fcn\u00fc dolmu\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.
\n\u2022 8 veya 15 g\u00fcn olarak belirlenmi\u015fse bir veya iki hafta de\u011fil 8 ve 15 g\u00fcn tam olarak
\nsay\u0131l\u0131r.
\n\u2022 Hafta olarak belirlenmi\u015fse s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcne uyan g\u00fcnde dolmu\u015f
\nsay\u0131l\u0131r.
\n\u2022 Ay veya y\u0131l gibi birden \u00e7ok ay\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir zaman dilimi belirlenmi\u015fse
\ns\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kuruldu\u011fu g\u00fcn ay\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131nc\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc ise son ay\u0131n bunu kar\u015f\u0131layan
\ng\u00fcn\u00fcnde
\n\u2022 Son g\u00fcn kanunen tatil kabul edilen bir g\u00fcne rast gelirse kendili\u011finden tatil olmayan
\ng\u00fcne ge\u00e7er.
\n\u2022 Bor\u00e7 al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f i\u015f saatlerinde ifa edilir.
\nS\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEDE \u0130FA
\nZAMANI (TBK.90)
\n\u2022 \u0130fa zaman\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmede
\nkararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u2022 S\u00f6zle\u015fmede bo\u015fluk varsa hukuki
\nili\u015fkinin \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re de
\nbelirlenebilir. (kanunla, team\u00fclle)
\n\u2022 Aksi halde \u201cher bor\u00e7 do\u011fdu\u011fu anda
\nifa edilir\u201d kural\u0131 i\u015fler.
\n\u2022 Muaccel bir borcun bor\u00e7lusu alacakl\u0131n\u0131n
\nihtar\u0131yla temerr\u00fcde d\u00fc\u015fer. (TBK.117)
\n52S\u00d6ZLE\u015eMEDE F\u0130YAT ve \u00d6DEME
\n(Price and Payment Terms)
\n60
\n\u2022 Fiyat veya hesaplama y\u00f6ntemi net olmal\u0131,
\n\u2022 Fiyat\u0131n ge\u00e7erlilik tarihleri belirtilmeli,
\n\u2022 Nakliye ve fiyata etki edecek paketleme, ta\u015f\u0131ma, sigorta, teslim yeri a\u00e7\u0131k olmal\u0131,
\n\u2022 \u00d6demenin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 para birimi, \u00f6deme \u015fekli, \u00f6deme zaman\u0131 ve \u00f6demede esas al\u0131nacak kur
\nbelirtilmelidir,
\n\u2022 \u00d6deme belli bir olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015fsa bununla ilgili belgeler,
\n\u2022 \u00d6deme gecikmesi halinde uygulanacak m\u00fceyyideler net (faiz, tazminatlar vb.)
\n\u2022 KDV\u2019nin ayr\u0131ca belirtilmesine gerek yok. Dahilse yaz\u0131lmal\u0131, de\u011filse hari\u00e7tir.
\n\u2022 Maliyet art\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclerek maddele\u015ftirilmeli. M\u00fccbir sebebin \u00f6demeye etkisi olacak m\u0131?
\n\u2022 Sabit fiyat (g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc bedel, birim fiyat), Maliyet Esasl\u0131 (Maliyet+yevmiye, Maliyet +oran)
\nS\u00f6zle\u015fmenin Devri & S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye Kat\u0131lma
\n(BK 205-206)
\n75
\n\u2714S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin devri, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi devralan ile devreden ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmede kalan
\ntaraf aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ve devredenin bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan taraf olma s\u0131fat\u0131 ile
\nbirlikte b\u00fct\u00fcn hak ve bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 devralana ge\u00e7iren bir anla\u015fmad\u0131r. (TBK 205)
\n\u2714S\u00f6zle\u015fmeye kat\u0131lma, mevcut bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye taraflardan birinin yan\u0131nda yer
\nalmak \u00fczere, kat\u0131lan ile bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin taraflar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ve kat\u0131lan\u0131n,
\nyan\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarafla birlikte, onun hak ve bor\u00e7lar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131
\nsonucunu do\u011furan bir anla\u015fmad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u0130\u00c7\u0130N S\u00d6ZLE\u015eME YAPILIR? \u2022 Hukuki i\u015flem yaparken (al\u0131m, sat\u0131m, kira vb.) haklar\u0131 tespit amac\u0131yla (Hukuk G\u00fcvenli\u011fi) \u2022 S\u00f6zle\u015fme taraflar aras\u0131ndaki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21539,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21533","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21533","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21533"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21533\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21538,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21533\/revisions\/21538"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21539"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21533"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21533"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/legalb.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21533"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}